The first time I heard of SON was in relation to Femtocells. Remember, a Femtocell has to start in an unfamiliar environment, learn about its surrounding and then adapt to the environment.
SON also means "Plug and play", "Zero Touch", "Auto Configured", "Self Managed" and so on. Son is a very useful feature that will allow for the automation of several tasks lowering the OPEX costs. (OPEX: Operating expense is an ongoing cost for running a product, business, or system). Examples include plug and play or a cell in between existing ones, neighbour recogintion and (re-)configuration, optimizations, etc. Properly implemented, it could kill off drive-testing.
SON can be explained with the basic diagram above. A new cell created in an existing environment possibly due to too many existing resources being in use or too many users in an area during a paticular time (football match for example) and this cell has to look at the surrounding and adjust its conditions. The other existing cells also have to adjust themselves with the change in surroundings
According to recent analysis in NEC Whitepaper on SON, about 17% of wireless operator's CAPEX is spent on engineering and installation services. (CAPEX: a capital expenditure is the cost of developing or providing non-consumable parts for the product system) SON's self-configuring fuctions are expected to eliminated many on-site operations for the basic settings and subsequent updating of network equipments, and thus reduce CAPEX.
It is also know that about 24% of a typical wireless operator's revenue goes to network OPEX, which are the cost of network operation and maintenance, training and support, power, transmission, and site rental. SON's
self-optimizing functions will reduce a workload for site survey and analysis of network performances, and thus reduce OPEX. Moreover, SON's energy-saving functions reduce the costs of power consumed by the equipment.
参考：3g 4g wireless blog
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